D2(1.2379)
Steel 1.2379, also known as X153CrMoV12 or D2, is a type of high-carbon, high-chromium steel alloy that is widely used in the production of cold work dies, punches, and other wear-resistant components.
Here are some key characteristics of steel 1.2379:
1. High hardness: 1.2379 has a high hardness rating, typically in the range of 58-62 HRC, which makes it highly resistant to wear and abrasion.
2. High wear resistance: 1.2379 has a high wear resistance, which makes it suitable for use in applications where high wear resistance is required.
3. Good toughness: 1.2379 has good toughness, which means it can withstand impacts and stresses without breaking or deforming.
4. Resistance to corrosion: 1.2379 has a high chromium content, which makes it resistant to corrosion and suitable for use in environments where moisture is present.
5. Difficult machinability: 1.2379 is relatively difficult to machine, which can make it challenging to work with.
Some common applications of steel 1.2379 include:
1. Cold work dies: 1.2379 is widely used in the production of cold work dies, such as punching dies, blanking dies, and forming dies.
2. Punches and dies: 1.2379 is used in the production of punches and dies for various industries, including automotive, aerospace, and construction.
3. Wear-resistant components: 1.2379 is used in the production of wear-resistant components, such as gears, shafts, and bearings.
4. Tooling and machinery: 1.2379 is used in the production of tooling and machinery for various industries, including metalworking, plastics, and woodworking.
Some of the benefits of using steel 1.2379 include:
1. Long tool life: 1.2379 has a long tool life, which means that tools made from this material can be used for a large number of production cycles.
2. High precision: 1.2379 can be machined to high precision, which makes it suitable for use in applications where high accuracy is required.
3. Good surface finish: 1.2379 can be polished to a high finish, which is important for applications where a smooth surface finish is required.
4. Resistance to heat checking: 1.2379 has a high resistance to heat checking, which means it can withstand the high temperatures and stresses associated with cold work die
Typical Analysis in %
| C | Si | Mn | P (Max) | S (Max) | Cr | Mo | V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.40-1.60 | 0.10-0.60 | 0.20-0.60 | 0.030 max | 0.030 max | 11.00-13.00 | 0.70-1.00 | 0.80-1.20 |
Comparable standards
| DIN | W.Nr | AFNOR | AISI/ASTM | JIS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| X155CrVMo12-1 | 1.2379 | Z160CDV12 | D-2 | SKD11 |
Chemical composition (typical; in weight %)
| C | Si | Mn | P (Max) | S (Max) | Cr | Mo | V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.45-1.60 | 0.10-0.60 | 0.20-0.60 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 11.0-13.0 | 0.70-1.00 | 0.70-1.00 |
Physical properties (reference values)
| Property | 20°C | 100°C | 200°C | 500°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thermal expansion coefficient (10⁻⁶/°C) | 10.5 | 11.5 | — | 12.2 |
| Thermal conductivity (W/m·K) | 16.7 | 20.5 | — | — |
Heat treatment
| Treatment | Temperature (°C) | Holding Time | Cooling | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annealing | 830 – 860 | Min. 2 min/mm | Furnace | — |
| Stress relieving | 650 – 700 | Min. 2 min/mm | Furnace | — |
| Hardening | 1000 – 1050 | Min. 1 min/mm | Air, oil or salt bath (500–550°C) | — |
| °C | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 525 | 550 | 600 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HRC | 63 | 61 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 60 | 56 | 50 |
Type: Cold work tool steel
Density: 7.70 g/cm³
Hardness (annealed): ≤ 255 HB
Hardness (hardened): 60-64 HRC
• High wear resistance
• Excellent compressive strength
• Good dimensional stability
• High hardness after heat treatment
• Cold work dies
• Punches and blanking tools
• Shear blades
• Slitters and forming rolls
Material Summary:
Thermal expansion: Increases with temperature from 10.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C at 20°C to 12.2 × 10⁻⁶/°C at 500°C.
Thermal conductivity: Increases from 16.7 W/m·K at 20°C to 20.5 W/m·K at 100°C.
Hardness after tempering (3 times): Maximum hardness of 63 HRC at 100°C, secondary hardening peak of 60 HRC at 525°C.
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